In order to supply a vehicle with the power required for the starter motor, for ignition and fuel injection systems, for the ECU's to control electronic equipment, for lighting, and for safety and convenience electronics. Vehicles need a generator to act as their reliable source of energy. This energy must be readily available, at any time day or night.
While the engine is off, the battery is the vehicles energy store, and while the engine is running the generator becomes the on-board power plant. When the generator output is greater than the that needed by the vehicle, it sends the excess current to the battery to maintain the battery's state of charge. It is the generators task to supply energy to all the vehicles current consuming loads and systems.
Source: www.familycar.com
In order for the vehicles electrical system to remain reliable and trouble free in operation. It is important that the generator output, battery capacity, and starter power requirements, together with all other electrical loads, are closely matched to each other.
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